The global offshore wind farms (OWF) that are set for start-up this year will make 2020 the year with the highest ever use of steel jacket foundations for new developments, Norwegian energy intelligence firm Rystad Energy said in a report on Thursday.
The trend of using this type of foundations - a lattice steel framework, with three or four anchors set on the seafloor - will be lead by the UK.
"A total of 258 turbines to be installed this year will have a jacket foundation, the most ever in a single year and representing about 20% of all offshore turbines to be commissioned globally, our latest data show," Rystad Energy said.
ScottishPower Renewables’ East Anglia ONE in the UK, accounts for 102 turbines, all to be installed with jacket foundations.
"It is the sole European project that will start-up in 2020 and use this technology, yet the world’s largest ever in number of turbines with such foundations," Rystad said.
The project’s jackets are being manufactured by Navantia (42), Lamprell (36) and Harland & Wolff (24), and will be installed by Van Oord.
Another British project, Moray East, will use 100 jacket foundations and is set to become operational in late 2021.
Steel jackets are common for projects that are installed in waters deeper than 30 meters, and the increase is an indication that European developers are increasingly pursuing such depths, Rystad said.
According to Rystad data, from 1990 to 2019, around 75% of all commissioned wind farms were in water depths of 30 meters or less.
Rystad Energy expects only around 55%-60% of new wind farms to be commissioned in such shallow water in the 2020-2025 period.
“The higher share of jacket foundations follows the trend of offshore wind farms being placed in deeper waters in more mature regions. As shallow-water areas get more populated, countries that look to increase their offshore wind capacity must look to deeper waters,” said Alexander Flotre, Rystad Energy’s Vice President & Product Manager Offshore Wind.
"Our data show that at least 479 more offshore turbines with jacket foundations are going to start-up in Europe between 2021 and 2025," he said.
"Our global estimate for that period is of at least 1,083 jacketed turbines, including Europe, making it the second most popular ground-based foundation type after monopile. While the market for monopile manufacturing has been dominated by specialized players such as Sif Group and EEW, the jacket market is much more open to the general steel construction manufacturers whose business has historically centered on offshore oil and gas projects or other industries," Flotre added.